Documented Facts
The USS Liberty was a U.S. Navy Technical Research Ship (NSA signals intelligence vessel) sailing in international waters in the eastern Mediterranean on June 8, 1967 — the fourth day of the Six-Day War.
THE SHIP
USS Liberty (AGTR-5) was a converted World War II cargo ship equipped with sophisticated signals intelligence equipment. It was sailing under explicit orders to collect electronic intelligence on the conflict. The ship was clearly marked as a U.S. Navy vessel and was flying a large American flag.
THE ATTACK TIMELINE
At approximately 2:00 PM local time, Israeli Air Force Mirage III jets began attacking the Liberty with rockets, cannon fire, and napalm. The air attack lasted approximately 25 minutes. Then Israeli torpedo boats arrived and fired five torpedoes at the ship — one struck the hull, killing 25 men in the NSA spaces below the waterline. The combined attack lasted approximately 75 minutes.
CASUALTIES
34 Americans were killed. 174 were wounded. The ship was nearly sunk — it was kept afloat only by the heroic damage control efforts of the surviving crew.
THE AMERICAN FLAG
Multiple crew members and the ship's commander, Captain William McGonagle, have testified that the Liberty was flying a large American flag throughout the attack. The flag was shot away during the air attack; a larger flag was immediately raised. Israeli pilots flew reconnaissance passes over the ship before the attack — the ship's markings and American flag were clearly visible.
THE ISRAELI TORPEDO BOATS
After the air attack, Israeli torpedo boats circled the stricken ship. Crew members who had abandoned ship in life rafts reported that Israeli torpedo boats machine-gunned the life rafts — an act that would constitute a war crime. The Israeli government has denied this; multiple surviving crew members have testified to it under oath.
COMMUNICATIONS JAMMING
The Liberty's crew attempted to send distress signals during the attack. The attacking Israeli forces jammed the Liberty's radio frequencies — all of them, including the international distress frequency. The ability to jam multiple specific U.S. military frequencies simultaneously indicates advance knowledge of the ship's communications systems.
Key Quote — Primary Source
"The attack was a deliberate attempt to destroy an American ship and kill her entire crew."
— Admiral Thomas Moorer, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2003 — The Moorer Report
Why This Matters
The USS Liberty attack is the only peacetime attack on a U.S. Navy vessel by a nation that was not subsequently investigated by Congress. The attack lasted 75 minutes — far too long to be a case of mistaken identity. The jamming of U.S. military radio frequencies indicates advance knowledge of the ship's systems.
Primary Sources
NSA: 'Attack on a SIGINT Collector, the USS Liberty' — declassified NSA document
The Intercept: 'Fifty Years Later, NSA Keeps Details of Israel's USS Liberty Attack Secret' (June 6, 2017)
USS Liberty Memorial: 'Summary of Events' — gtr5.com
WRMEA: 'The Assault on the USS Liberty Still Covered Up After 26 Years' (June 1993)
Oral History UFL: '50th Anniversary of the Attack on the USS Liberty' — survivor testimonies